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- subject = short fiction
- title = hemingway analysis: a clean well lighted place
-
-
- Explicate
- one of the stories we have read. Break the story down by analyzing it part
- by part. Look at how the plot and symbols express the central theme or themes
- of the story.
-
- "A Clean, Well-Lighted Place"
-
- This story was written by
- Hemingway in 1933. It details an evening's interaction between two waiters,
- and their differing perspectives of life. Hemingway uses an old man as a patron
- to demonstrate the waiter's philosophies. Hemingway is also visible in the
- story as the old man, someone who society says should be content, but has a
- significant empty feeling inside. What follows is a line-by-line analysis,
- putting emphasis on the philosophies of the waiters.
-
- This story focuses
- on two waiters at a cafe in Madrid, and their differing outlooks upon life.
- Their views are shown as they talk about an old man in the cafe, and each
- contemplate their life.
-
- The old man, who may be a reflection of Hemingway's
- anticipated aging, enjoys drinking in the cafe late at night. This may be
- a reflection of Hemingway's own writing in cafes in Paris. The old man prefers
- drinking late at night when the atmosphere is much more settled. The waiters
- kept a careful eye on the old man, as he has been known to leave without paying
- after too many drinks.
-
- As the two waiters monitor the old man, they younger
- waiter mentions that the old man tried to kill himself in the previous week.
- The older waiter asks why, and the younger tells him that he had no reason
- to kill himself because he had "plenty of money." The older waiter lets the
- conversation drop after he hears this, because this statement shows the younger
- waiter's perspective.
-
- The older waiter seems to have empathy for the older
- patron, where the younger waiter has ill feelings to the customer. The older
- waiter seems to be more aware of a larger sense of existence where everyone
- plays their role, and the younger waiter seems to believe that he has to simply
- look out for 'number one' and really couldn't be bothered to go out of his
- way for the old man. The younger waiter quickly argued that the old man's
- justification for living should have been his money, and it is interesting
- to note that the younger waiter considers nothing else in his evaluation of
- the attempted suicide.
-
- As the two waiters sit at a table, a soldier walks
- by with a prostitute. The older waiter comments that they'll get stopped by
- the local guard, and the younger waiter replies "What does it matter if he
- gets what he's after?" Again, this shows the older waiter's awareness, and
- the careless attitude of the younger waiter.
-
- The old man signals the younger
- waiter over for another drink, and the waiter declines to server him because
- he feels that the man is getting drunk and doesn't want to get stuck waiting
- for him to finish. The younger waiter then comments that the old man should
- have killed himself last week, and how the waiter is tired and simply wants
- to get to bed at a reasonable hour.
-
- The older waiter, empathizing with
- the old man, grabs the bottle of brandy and pours a full glass for the old
- man. This, again, reflects the respect that the older waiter has for the old
- man. This is the first real hint that the older waiter has a lot in common
- with the old man.
-
- As the older waiter takes his seat at the table with
- the younger waiter, the younger waiter comments about the old man's drunkenness
- every night. The old man asks the younger why the old man would want to kill
- himself. The younger waiter replies that he doesn't know why. They discuss
- the incident, and the younger waiter asks who cut the rope that the man was
- hanging from. The older replies that it was his niece, and explains that she
- probably did it our of fear for his soul.
-
- The younger waiter questions
- the older about how much money the old man has, showing his assessment of what
- matters in life. The young waiter also expresses his desire for the old man
- to leave, saying how he wants to get home to go to bed. This shows the younger
- waiter's self-centered approach. He says that he's got a wife waiting for him,
- that old men are nasty, and that he old man has no respect for those that
- must work. This lets the reader see that the younger man's concerns do not
- extend past himself. The older waiter counters with the facts that this old
- man is always a gentleman whom enjoys a drink in their cafe, showing his compassion
- for the older man.
-
- At this time, the old man requests another drink, and
- the younger waiter attends to him and informs him that the bar is closing.
- The old man eventually walks out after leaving a paltry tip for the waiter.
- As the older waiter questions why the younger waiter closed the cafe early,
- the younger replies that he wants to go to bed. The older waiter questions
- the value of the hour, and the younger waiter expresses that the hour is more
- valuable to him than to the old man.
-
- The younger waiter thinks that he
- insults the older waiter when he says that he is acting just like the old man.
- The older waiter quickly evens the score by asking the younger waiter if
- he's afraid of going home early, possible finding his wife with another man.
- The younger replies that he has confidence.
-
- The older waiter adds that
- the younger has confidence, youth, and a job. The older waiter says how he
- never had confidence and is no longer young. It is clear in this scene that
- the older waiter wishes that he had his current knowledge at a much earlier
- age. He also states that he likes to stay late at the cafe, with others doing
- the same, others who "need a light" for the night. He is hesitant to close
- the cafe each night, as there may be another person who needs its warm light
- and friendly atmosphere.
-
- As the older waiter attempts to explain the special
- characteristics of a friendly atmosphere and how it can ease the darkness of
- night, the younger waiter simply says "Good night" and leaves. The older continues
- the conversation with himself, explaining how a cafe was better than a bar,
- the importance of light and absence of music, all things that show not only
- how the waiter cares about what he does and the service that he provides, but
- that he is intimately familiar with receiving the comfort of a fine cafe.
- The older waiter explains the patron's fear as a fear of nothingness. He even
- goes so far as to diagnose all cafe customers as sufferers of nothingness,
- "Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it was all nada y pues nada..."
-
-
- While the older waiter is walking home, he recites the "Our Father" prayer,
- replacing all of the nouns with "nada," almost in an attempt to get so familiar
- with his fear that he would no longer be afraid of it. He can see his future
- as the old man who was in his cafe, and he does not want to end up with nothing,
- as that man has (even though he does have money, to the concern of the younger
- waiter.)
-
- The older waiter finds himself in a bar and initially orders
- a "nada." The barman dismisses it and then pours a drink to the waiter's request.
- The waiter comments to the barman that "The light is very bright and pleasant,
- but the bar is unpolished." This situation now has the waiter playing the
- role of the old man in the cafe, and the waiter is hoping that his feedback
- will improve the bar for anyone who may need it as he does now.
-
- The waiter
- leaves the bar after one drink, and heads home. He resolves not to think any
- more for the night. He plans on simply going home and lying in bed until daylight,
- some three to four hours away, and then go to sleep. The waiter justifies
- this as "...probably only insomnia. Many must have it."
-
- The role of the
- younger waiter is to show a naive attitude to society, that he simply has to
- take care of himself, and that's all that will matter. The older waiter is
- enriched by his years to the point where he is aware enough to see that in
- a matter of time, he could be ( is? ) a customer in the cafe. He gets as much
- out of working as he would out of drinking. He is afraid of the dark, afraid
- of the nothing, afraid of what may happen to him in time to come, and how he
- many be treated.
-
- I think that it is also possible to see Hemingway in
- this story as the cafe's old patron. The old man is someone that has become
- a success by society's standards, but not by his own. The old man is rich,
- just as Hemingway was famous, but neither of the two were ever completely satisfied.
- Hemingway is represented as someone always on safari, or some other showful
- pastime, perhaps trying just to keep busy, to stay away from the nada.
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